Back to Infectious Diseases or Refugees

World Listing of Infectious Diseases (No descriptions): Africa, Asia, Europe/Russia, Latin America, Middle East

Africa North Africa, East, West, & Central Africa, South Africa, Africa as a Whole

North Africa

• Amebiasis
• Anthrax
• Boutonneuse fever
• Brucellosis or undulant fever
• Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever
• Dracunculiasis (Guinea worm disease)
• Echinococcosis (Hydatid disease)
• HIV/AIDS: HIV/AIDS
• Hookworm
• Hymenolepiasis
• Leishmaniasis
• Malaria
• Malnutrition
• Plague
• Relapsing fevers
• Rift Valley fever
• Schistosomiasis or Bilharzia
• Tapeworms and cysticercosis
• Tuberculosis

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East, West, & Central Africa

• Amebiasis
• Anthrax
• Boutonneuse fever
• Cholera
• Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever
• Dengue Fever
• Dracunculiasis (Guinea worm disease)
• Ebola hemorrhagic fever and Marburg hemorrhagic fever
• Filariasis
• Hemorrhagic fevers (HFs)
• HIV/AIDS: HIV/AIDS
• Hookworm
• Lassa hemorrhagic fever
• Leishmaniasis
• Leprosy
• Malaria
• Malnutrition
• Paragonimiasis (trematodes, lung-dwelling)
• Plague
• Relapsing fevers
• Rift Valley fever
• River blindness: See filariasis
• Schistosomiasis or Bilharzia
• Sickle cell disease or sickle cell hemoglobulinopathies
• Strongylodiasis
• Trachoma
• Trichuriasis
• Trypanosomiasis
• Tuberculosis
• Typhoid and paratyphoid fever (sometimes termed enteric fever)
• Typhus
• Yaws (frambesia)

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South Africa

• Amebiasis
• Anthrax
• HIV/AIDS: HIV/AIDS
• Rift Valley fever
• Schistosomiasis or Bilharzia
• Sickle cell disease or sickle cell hemoglobulinopathies

Africa as a Whole

• Actinomycosis
• Amebiasis
• Anthrax
• Arbovirus encephalitis
• Ascariasis
• Bacillus cereus
• Bilharziasis or Bilharzia
• Blastomycosis
• Botulism
• Boutonneuse fever
• Brucellosis or undulant fever
• Buruli ulcer
• Campylobacter enteritis
• Cancrum oris
• Cestode infections
• Chikungunya
• Cholera
• Clostridium botulinum and C. perfringens
• Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever
• Cryptococcosis
• Cryptosporidiosis
• Cutaneous larva migrans
• Cutaneous leishmaniasis
• Cysticercosis: See tapeworm.
• Dengue Fever
• Diphtheria
• Dracunculiasis (Guinea worm disease)
• Echinococcosis (Hydatid disease)
• Elephantiasis: See filariasis
• Encephalitis: see Arbovirus encephalitis
• Enteric fever: See typhoid fever
• Enterobiasis or Pinworm infection
• Enterovirus exanthems
• Escherichia coli
• Filariasis: See Bancroftian filariasis and Malayan filariasis, loiasis or loa loa, onchocerciasis
• Fluke (trematode) infections
• Giardiasis
• Granuloma inguinale or Donovanosis
• Helminthiasis
• Hemorrhagic fevers (HFs)
• Hepatitis
• Histoplasmosis
• HIV/AIDS: HIV/AIDS
• Hookworm
• Hydatid disease: See echinococcus
• Kala-azar: See leishmaniasis (visceral)
• Katayama fever: See schistosomiasis
• Lassa hemorrhagic fever
• Leishmaniasis
• Leprosy.
• Loiasis or loa loa (filariasis)
• Malaria
• Malnutrition
• Marburg and Ebola hemorrhagic fevers (HFs)
• Meningitis, chronic and recurrent
• Meningoencephalitis
• Mycetoma (maduramycosis, actinomycetoma)
• Myiasis
• Naegleria infection
• Nematode infections: See angiostrongyliasis, anisakiasis, ascariasis, capillariasis, dracunculiasis, enterobiasis, filariasis, gnathostomiasis, hookworm, strongylodiasis, trichostrongyliasis, trichuriasis
• Nutritional deficits
• Onchocerciasis (River blindness): See filariasis
• Pertussis or whooping cough
• Pinworms: See enterobiasis.
• Plague
• Pneumonia: See anthrax, ascariasis, blastomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, HIV/AIDS, legionellosis, paragonimiasis, plague, psittacosis, Q fever, typhus, strongyloidiasis, tuberculosis. Note other, more common causes.
• Poliomyelitis
• Psittacosis
• Q fever
• Relapsing fevers
• Rickettsioses
• Rift Valley fever
• River blindness: See filariasis
• Rotavirus
• Salmonellosis
• Schistosomiasis or Bilharzia
• Scrub typhus
• Shigellosis or bacillary dysentary
• Sickle cell disease or sickle cell hemoglobulinopathies
• Sleeping sickness: See trypanosomiasis (African)
• Sporotrichosis
• Staphylococcus aureus infection
• Strongylodiasis
• Syphilis
• Tapeworms and cysticercosis
• Tetanus
• Thalassemias
• Toxocariasis
• Toxoplasmosis
• Trachoma
• Trematodes, blood-dwelling (schistosomiasis or Bilharzia)
• Trematodes, intestine-dwelling
• Trematodes, lung-dwelling (paragonimiasis)
• Trematodes, liver-dwelling (fascioliasis)
• Trench fever
• Treponematoses: See pinta, syphilis, and yaws.
• Trichinosis (trichinella)
• Trichostrongyliasis
• Trichuriasis (trichocephaliasis or whipworm)
• Tropical sprue
• Tropical ulcer (cutaneous leishmaniasis)
• Trypanosomiasis (African) or African sleeping sickness
• Tuberculosis
• Tungiasis
• Typhoid and paratyphoid fever (sometimes termed enteric fever)
• Typhus
• Vibrio parahaemolyticus
• Visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar)
• Yaws (frambesia)
• Yellow fever

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Asia Central (Indian Subcontinent & Sri Lanka), Southeast Asia, East Asia & China, Japan, Pacific

Central (Indian Subcontinent & Sri Lanka)

• Amebiasis
• Boutonneuse fever
• Cholera
• Dengue Fever
• Filariasis
• Granuloma inguinale or Donovanosis
• Hepatitis
• HIV/AIDS: HIV/AIDS
• Hookworm
• Hymenolepiasis
• Kala-azar: See leishmaniasis (visceral)
• Kyasanur Forest hemorrhagic fever
• Leishmaniasis: See visceral leishmaniasis, cutaneous leishmaniasis
• Leprosy
• Maduromycosis: See mycetoma
• Malaria
• Malnutrition
• Mycetoma (maduramycosis, actinomycetoma)
• Poliomyelitis
• Strongylodiasis
• Subcutaneous mycotic infection: See mycetoma
• Thalassemias
• Trachoma
• Trichuriasis
• Tropical ulcer (cutaneous leishmaniasis)
• Tuberculosis
• Typhus, Scrub
• Visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar)

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Southeast Asia

• Amebiasis
• Angiostrongyliasis
• Anthrax
• Bilharziasis or Bilharzia
• Capillariasis, intestinal
• Cestode infections: See tapeworm
• Chikungunya
• Cholera
• Clonorchiasis: See trematodes
• Cryptococcosis
• Cryptosporidiosis
• Cutaneous leishmaniasis
• Cysticercosis: See tapeworm.
• Dengue Fever
• Filariasis
• Gnathostomiasis
• Helminthiasis: See ascariasis, echinococcosis/hydatid disease, schistosomiasis
• Hepatitis
• HIV/AIDS: HIV/AIDS
• Hookworm
• Junin hemorrhagic fever
• Leishmaniasis: See visceral leishmaniasis, cutaneous leishmaniasis
• Leprosy
• Leptospirosis
• Malaria
• Malnutrition
• Melioidosis
• Mycetoma (maduramycosis, actinomycetoma)
• Nematode infections: See angiostrongyliasis, anisakiasis, ascariasis, capillariasis, dracunculiasis, enterobiasis, filariasis, gnathostomiasis, hookworm, strongylodiasis, trichostrongyliasis, trichuriasis
• Nutritional deficits: See malnutrition.
• Opisthorchiasis: See trematodes (biliary tract-dwelling)
• Paragonimiasis: See trematodes, lung-dwelling
• Schistosomiasis or Bilharzia
• Strongylodiasis
• Subcutaneous mycotic infection: See mycetoma.
• Tapeworms and cysticercosis
• Thalassemias
• Trematodes (flukes): See clonorchiasis, opisthorchiasis
• Trematodes, blood-dwelling (schistosomiasis or Bilharzia)
• Trematodes, intestine-dwelling
• Trematodes, lung-dwelling (paragonimiasis)
• Trichuriasis
• Tropical sprue
• Tuberculosis
• Typhus, Scrub
• Visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar)
• Weil's syndrome: See leptospirosis.
• Yaws (frambesia)

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East Asia & China

• Amebiasis
• Arbovirus encephalitis
• Bilharziasis or Bilharzia: See schistosomiasis
• Clonorchiasis: See trematodes
• Dengue Fever
• Filariasis: Bancroftian filariasis and Malayan filariasis
• Fluke (trematode) infections
• Gnathostomiasis).
• Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome
• Hepatitis
• Histoplasmosis
• HIV/AIDS: HIV/AIDS
• Hookworm
• Leprosy
• Lyme disease
• Malaria
• Malnutrition
• Paragonimiasis: See trematodes, lung-dwelling
• Schistosomiasis or Bilharzia
• Strongylodiasis
• Trachoma
• Trematodes (flukes): See clonorchiasis, opisthorchiasis
• Trematodes, blood-dwelling (schistosomiasis or Bilharzia)
• Trematodes, intestine-dwelling
• Trematodes, lung-dwelling (paragonimiasis)
• Trematodes, liver-dwelling (fascioliasis)
• Trichuriasis
• Tuberculosis

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Japan

• Anisakiasis
• Arbovirus encephalitis
• Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome
• Schistosomiasis or Bilharzia: No longer a health problem in Japan
• Scrub Typhus

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Pacific

• Amebiasis
• Angiostrongyliasis
• Arbovirus encephalitis
• Buruli ulcer
• Dengue Fever
• Donovanosis: See Granuloma inguinale.
• Filariasis: See Bancroftian filariasis and Malayan filariasis
• Gnathostomiasis
• Granuloma inguinale or Donovanosis
• HIV/AIDS: HIV/AIDS
• Hookworm
• Hymenolepiasis
• Leprosy
• Lyme disease
• Melioidosis
• Mycetoma (maduramycosis, actinomycetoma)
• Q fever
• Strongylodiasis
• Subcutaneous mycotic infection: See mycetoma
• Syphilis (sexually transmitted and endemic)
• Trichuriasis
• Tropical ulcer (cutaneous leishmaniasis)
• Tuberculosis
• Yaws (frambesia)

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Europe and Russia Endemic to Europe and Russia, Worldwide/Europe

Endemic to Europe and Russia

• Babesiosis
• Boutonneuse fever (African tick fever, Marseilles fever, tick typhus)
• Echinococcosis (Hydatid disease)
• Encephalitis
• Hemorrhagic fevers (HFs)
• Leishmaniasis: See visceral leishmaniasis, cutaneous leishmaniasis
• Lyme disease
• Omsk hemorrhagic fever
• Opisthorchiasis (trematode infection)

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Illnesses Found Worldwide, Including Europe

• Amebiasis
• Anthrax
• Ascariasis
• Bacillus cereus
• Botulism
• Campylobacter enteritis
• Clostridium botulinum and C. perfringens
• Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever
• Cryptosporidiosis
• Cutaneous larva migrans
• Cutaneous leishmaniasis
• Diphtheria
• Enterobiasis or Pinworm infection
• Enterovirus exanthems
• Escherichia coli
• Familial Mediterranean fever
• Giardiasis
• Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome
• Hepatitis
• HIV/AIDS: HIV/AIDS
• Hookworm
• Malnutrition
• Meningitis, chronic and recurrent
• Meningoencephalitis
• Naegleria infection
• Omsk hemorrhagic fever
• Psittacosis
• Q fever
• Rickettsioses (Including the typhus group, spotted fever group, Q fever, trench fever, and erlichiosis. See Boutonneuse fever, Q fever, spotted fevers, trench fever, and typhus)
• Rotavirus
• Salmonellosis
• Shigellosis or bacillary dysentary
• Sickle cell disease or sickle cell hemoglobulinopathies
• Staphylococcus aureus infection
• Syphilis
• Tapeworms and cysticercosis
• Tetanus
• Thalassemias
• Toxocariasis
• Toxoplasmosis
• Trichinosis (trichinella)
• Trichuriasis
• Tuberculosis
• Typhus
• Vibrio parahaemolyticus and other vibrio species

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Latin America and Caribbean Mexico, Caribbean Islands, Tropical Latin America, Temperate South America & Andes Mountains, Latin America as a Whole

Mexico

• Amebiasis
• Anisakiasis
• Blastomycosis
• Coccidioidomycosis
• Dengue Fever
• Leishmaniasis
• Leprosy
• Paracoccidioidomycosis
• Trichuriasis
• Typhoid and paratyphoid fever (sometimes termed enteric fever)

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Caribbean Islands

• Angiostrongyliasis
• Arbovirus encephalitis
• Chromomycosis
• Dengue Fever
• Granuloma inguinale or Donovanosis
• Trichuriasis

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Tropical Latin America

• Cryptococcosis
• Cryptosporidiosis
• Dracunculiasis (Guinea worm disease)
• Filariasis
• Leprosy
• Leptospirosis
• Malaria
• Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis (Espundia)
• Mycetoma (maduramycosis, actinomycetoma
• Paracoccidioidomycosis
• Strongylodiasis
• Trichuriasis (trichocephaliasis or whipworm)
• Tungiasis
• Yaws (frambesia)
• Yellow fever

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Temperate South America and Andes Mountains

• Bartonellosis (Oroya fever)
• Chagas' Disease or American trypanosomiais
• Echinococcosis (Hydatid disease)
• Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome
• Hemorrhagic fevers, South American (Junin HF, Machupo HF, and other HFs)
• Leishmaniasis
• Plague
• Trematodes, liver-dwelling (fascioliasis)
• Typhus

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Latin America as a Whole

• Amebiasis
• Anisakiasis
• Arbovirus encephalitis
• Ascariasis
• Bacillus cereus
• Botulism
• Campylobacter enteritis
• Cestode infections: See tapeworm.
• Chagas' Disease or American trypanosomiais
• Clostridium botulinum and C. perfringens
• Coccidioidomycosis
• Cryptococcosis
• Cryptosporidiosis
• Cutaneous larva migrans
• Dengue Fever
• Diphtheria
• Encephalitis (see Arbovirus encephalitis)
• Enteric fever: See typhoid fever.
• Enterobiasis or Pinworm infection
• Enterovirus exanthems
• Escherichia coli
• Giardiasis
• Histoplasmosis
• HIV/AIDS: HIV/AIDS
• Hookworm
• Hydatid disease: See echinococcus
• Hymenolepiasis
• Leishmaniasis: See visceral leishmaniasis, cutaneous leishmaniasis, and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (espundia).
• Leprosy
• Malnutrition
• Meningitis, chronic and recurrent
• Meningoencephalitis
• Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis (Espundia)
• Mycetoma (maduramycosis, actinomycetoma)
• Myiasis
• Naegleria infection
• Paracoccidioidomycosis (South American Blastomycosis)
• Pertussis or whooping cough
• Pinta (mal de pinto, carate)
• Pinworms: See enterobiasis.
• Pneumonia: See anthrax, ascariasis, blastomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, HIV/AIDS, legionellosis, paragonimiasis, plague, psittacosis, Q fever, typhus, strongyloidiasis, tuberculosis. Note other, more common causes.
• Psittacosis
• Q fever
• Rickettsioses
• Rotavirus
• Salmonellosis
• Shigellosis or bacillary dysentary
• Sporotrichosis
• Staphylococcus aureus infection
• Strongylodiasis
• Subcutaneous mycotic infection: See mycetoma.
• Syphilis (Venereal and epidemic)
• Tapeworms and cysticercosis
• Tetanus
• Toxocariasis
• Toxoplasmosis
• Trichinosis (trichinella)
• Trichuriasis (trichocephaliasis or whipworm)
• Tuberculosis
• Tungiasis
• Typhoid and paratyphoid fever (sometimes termed enteric fever)
• Vibrio parahaemolyticus
• Yaws (frambesia)
• Yellow fever

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Middle East Endemic Diseases, Other Diseases

Endemic Diseases

• Amebiasis
• Anthrax
• Boutonneuse fever (African tick fever, Marseilles fever, tick typhus)
• Brucellosis or undulant fever
• Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever
• Cryptococcosis
• Cutaneous leishmaniasis
• Cyprus fever: See Brucellosis
• Cysticercosis: See tapeworm
• Dracunculiasis (Guinea worm disease)
• Echinococcosis (Hydatid disease)
• Familial Mediterranean fever
• Gibralter fever: See Brucellosis
• Gnathostomiasis
• Guinea worm: See Dracunculiasis
• Hookworm
• Hydatid disease: See echinococcus
• Hymenolepiasis
• Leishmaniasis
• Malaria
• Plague
• Relapsing fevers
• Schistosomiasis or Bilharzia
• Sickle cell disease or sickle cell hemoglobulinopathies
• Taeniasis
• Tapeworms and cysticercosis
• Thalassemias
• Toxocariasis
• Trachoma
• Tuberculosis
• Visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar)

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Other Diseases to Consider in Patients from the Middle East

• Actinomycosis
• Amebiasis
• Arbovirus encephalitis
• Ascariasis
• Bacillus cereus
• Botulism
• Campylobacter enteritis
• Cancrum oris
• Cestode infections: See tapeworm.
• Cholera
• Clostridium botulinum and C. perfringens
• Cutaneous larva migrans
• Cutaneous leishmaniasis
• Cyprus fever: See Brucellosis
• Cysticercosis: See tapeworm
• Diphtheria
• Encephalitis (see Arbovirus encephalitis): Causes of encephalitis among refugees and immigrants include arborvirus infections (mosquito or tick-borne - especially cerebral malaria), trypanosomiasis, relapsing fever, trichinosis, cysticerosis, toxocariasis, and angiostrongyliasis
• Enteric fever: See typhoid fever.
• Enterobiasis or Pinworm infection
• Enterovirus exanthems
• Escherichia coli
• Giardiasis
• Gibralter fever: See Brucellosis
• Hepatitis
• HIV/AIDS: HIV/AIDS
• Hookworm
• Hydatid disease: See echinococcus
• Hymenolepiasis
• Kala-azar: See leishmaniasis (visceral)
• Leishmaniasis: See visceral leishmaniasis, cutaneous leishmaniasis
• Malnutrition
• Malta Fever: See Brucellosis.
• Measles
• Mediterranean fever
• Meningitis, chronic and recurrent
• Meningoencephalitis
• Naegleria infection
• Nutritional deficits
• Pertussis or whooping cough
• Pinworms: See enterobiasis
• Pneumonia: See anthrax, ascariasis, blastomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, HIV/AIDS, legionellosis, paragonimiasis, plague, psittacosis, Q fever, typhus, strongyloidiasis, tuberculosis. Note other, more common causes.
• Psittacosis
• Q fever
• Rickettsioses including the typhus group, spotted fever group, Q fever, trench fever, and erlichiosis. See Boutonneuse fever, Q fever, spotted fevers, trench fever, and typhus.
• Rift Valley fever
• Rotavirus
• Salmonellosis
• Scrub typhus: See typhus
• Shigellosis or bacillary dysentary
• Sporotrichosis
• Staphylococcus aureus infection
• Syphilis (Sexually transmitted and endemic)
• Tetanus
• Toxoplasmosis
• Trematodes, liver-dwelling (fascioliasis)
• Trichinosis (trichinella)
• Trichuriasis
• Typhomalarial fever: See Brucellosis.
• Typhoid and paratyphoid fever (sometimes termed enteric fever)
• Typhus (Epidemic louse-borne typhus, scrub typhus, endemic (murine) typhus)
• Undulant fever: See Brucellosis
• Vibrio parahaemolyticus and other vibrio species

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